Abstract: As part of the valorization of medicinal and aromatic plants in South Morocco, we studied the effect of provenance on the yield, chemical composition and antibacterial and antifungal activity of essential oils of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus. The essential oils obtained by hydro-distillation of the fruits were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The most abundant compounds identified varied depending on the origin of the plant: perillaldehyde (69.9% to 88.7%), limonene (8.3% to 16.6%) and α-pinene (1.4% to 7.1%). The oils analyzed all displayed strong antimicrobial activity against all the microorganisms tested.